In search of sustainable and inclusive palm oil production builds on the old debate regarding the role of smallholder farmers in society and links it to the int
Key messages Several sustainability certification schemes have been developed for palm oil; however, the field impacts of these schemes remain highly uncertain.
Key messages Many stakeholders, including governments, production and processing companies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), are working towards a more
The palm oil sector has been targeted by NGOs for its alleged negative environmental and social impacts. In this regard Indonesia represents a major challenge b
There is abundant literature focusing on the palm oil sector, which has grown into a vigorous sector with production originating mainly from Malaysia and Indone