This study analyses German and Ottoman efforts to promote a Muslim uprising in the Ottoman Empire and the Entente colonies in the First World War through intell
Today s headlines are full of references to jihad and jihadists, but they re nothing new: a century ago, the entry of the Ottoman Empire into World War I was ac
This books investigates the background and nature of the Ottoman Jihad proclamation, but also its effects in the wider Middle East. It looks at the German hopes
This books investigates the background and nature of the Ottoman Jihad proclamation, but also its effects in the wider Middle East. It looks at the German hopes