Download or read book Bias Challenges in International Commercial Arbitration written by Sam Luttrell and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shows how 'dirty' challenge tactics are made viable primarily by the prevalence of a judicially derived test for bias which focuses on appearances, rather than facts and He argues that the most commonly used test of bias, the 'reasonable apprehension' test, makes it easy to allege a lack of impartiality and independence.