Ion beam of various energies is a standard research tool in many areas of science, from basic physics to diverse areas in space science and technology, device f
In this book, we have attempted to produce a reference on high resolution focused ion beams (FIBs) that will be useful for both the user and the designer of FIB
Polymer materials are used in different fields of industries, from microelectronice to medicine. Ion beam implantation is method of surface modification when su
A comprehensive review of ion beam application in modern materials research is provided, including the basics of ion beam physics and technology. The physics of
A wide variety of ion beam techniques are being used in several versatile applications ranging from environmental science, nuclear physics, microdevice fabricat