Download or read book Introduction to Paradigms written by Manfred Stansfield and published by Trafford Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Paradigms is a generic look at the things that help to clear up the crippling reality-paradigm confusion, which we all are susceptible to just in growing up. It demonstrates that: A paradigm is a model of a portion of reality, with fewer dimensions and a manageable size, mass and energy. Paradigms are necessary because they are the solution to the problem of having insufficient human RAM and CPU to be omniscient and deal with reality on a direct perception/knowing basis. The human solution is to create paradigms that do fit our RAM and CPU, so we can change the undesirable elements of existence into desirable ones. Unfortunately, paradigms can be more true or less true, by accident or design, and that's where the rub is. Less true paradigms come about in two ways: Through the incompetence of well meaning paradigm designers or By the deliberate introduction of bias into a paradigm to give inequitable power and money to some who have not earned it. The bias is in the form of a lie in a paradigm or the miss- definition of a word. More money is made today by theft through paradigm bias than by the honest creation of wealth. It is not a victimless crime. The individual members of society as well as the society as a whole lose in wealth, a lowered pursuit of happiness and a lowered survival potential. Paradigm bias is a societal parasite and too many parasites kill the host. Purveyors of paradigm bias are the same as confidence men. One trick they use is to convince you, that what they are telling you is reality when it is a paradigm. Reality, one tends to accept as true, while one questions what is known to be a paradigm. How do you tell the difference and what if you don't? Example: My telling you about a tree gives you my paradigm of a tree, which can be more true or less true. On the other hand, the only way you get the reality of a tree is by seeing it for yourself; climbing it; feeling the trunk, bark and leaves; eating the fruit; chewing on a leaf, twig, bark; smelling the blossoms, cones, leaves, bark and roots; listening to the wind pass through the branches and leaves; standing under the tree when the sun is too hot or when it is raining. Example: The 9/11 suicide pilots believed that what they had been told since early childhood was reality: That they would go to a paradise which was a much nicer place than this world and that they would live forever with seven virgins and seven wives if they died committing a mass murder as they were told. They did what they were told because they did not know the difference between paradigm and reality. Reality is what you experience yourself. Paradigms are anything you received through a communication paradigm such as what some one told you or you read. We are all handicapped to the extent we are victims of the paradigm-reality confusion and prone to be taken advantage of through paradigm bias. More true paradigms require a paradigm designer well acquainted with reality. Is science the answer? Unfortunately, the scientific method applies only to explicate order phenomena that can be repeated and verified by the lowest common denominator of scientist. Science is still in denial of implicate order phenomena known for many centuries. Only a small fraction of the paradigms we need to function on a personal and societal level can be scientifically demonstrated. Peer review is another shortcoming and abuse. The scientific method assumes that those doing the peer review are selfless, high minded scientists, experts in the same domain, who judge according to their knowledge in the pursuit of truth for the good of mankind. Actually, many peers are egocentric and lie to ensure their careers. Example: Tobacco scientists disagree with conclusive studies linking smoki